Philosophy And Theories

According to Williams Belle, the philosophies and theories behind parkour are an integral aspect of the art, one that many non-practitioners have never been exposed to. Belle trains people because he wants "it to be alive" and for "people to use it". Châu Belle explains it is a "type of freedom" or "kind of expression"; that parkour is "only a state of mind" rather than a set of actions, and that it is about overcoming and adapting to mental and emotional obstacles as well as physical barriers.

A newer convention of parkour philosophy has been the idea of "human reclamation". Andy (Animus of Parkour North America) clarifies it as "a means of reclaiming what it means to be a human being. It teaches us to move using the natural methods that we should have learned from infancy. It teaches us to touch the world and interact with it, instead of being sheltered by it. It is as much as a part of truly learning the physical art as well as being able to master the movements, it gives you the ability to overcome your fears and pains and reapply this to life as you must be able to control your mind in order to master the art of parkour."

A point has been made about the similarities between the martial arts philosophy of Bruce Lee and Parkour. In an interview with The New Yorker, David Belle acknowledges the influence of Lee's thinking: "There’s a quote by Bruce Lee that’s my motto: ‘There are no limits. There are plateaus, but you must not stay there, you must go beyond them. A man must constantly exceed his level.’ If you’re not better than you were the day before, then what are you doing—what’s the point?".

Non-rivalry

A campaign was started on 1 May 2007 by Parkour.NET portal to preserve parkour's philosophy against sport competition and rivalry. In the words of Erwan LeCorre: "Competition pushes people to fight against others for the satisfaction of a crowd and/or the benefits of a few business people by changing its mindset. Parkour is unique and cannot be a competitive sport unless it ignores its altruistic core of self development. If parkour becomes a sport, it will be hard to seriously teach and spread parkour as a non-competitive activity. And a new sport will be spread that may be called parkour, but that won't hold its philosophical essence anymore. According to LeCorre, those who truly practice Parkour have the same mind aspect of each other, therefore it brings people to work together rather than compete, it allows them to be united internationally and forget the social and economical problems which separated them globally, ultimately leading one giant community working and growing together.

Freerunning

The term "freerunning" was coined during the filming of Jump London, as a way to present parkour to the English-speaking world, however, parkour and freerunning are considered to be slightly different.

The founder and creator of freerunning Sébastien Foucan defines freerunning as a discipline for self development, of following your own way. His dissatisfaction with the limited creativity and self-expression in Parkour was the motivation for Sebastian Foucan to develop a similar but also very different art of movement that became known as freerunning. He notes "Understand that this form of art has been created by few soldiers in Vietnam to escape or reach: and this is the spirit we'd like parkour to keep. You have to make the difference between what is useful

and what is not in emergency situations. Then you'll know what is parkour and what is not. So if you do acrobatics things on the street with no other goal than showing off, please don't say it's parkour. Acrobatics existed a long time ago before parkour."

When questions are raised between the differences of parkour and freerunning, the Yamakasi group deny the differences and say: "parkour, l'art du deplacement, freerunning, the art of movement... they are all the same thing. They are all movement and they all came from the same place, the same nine guys originally. The only thing that differs is each individual's way of moving".

What is Parkour

Parkour (sometimes abbreviated to PK) is a utilitarian discipline based upon the direct, successful, swift

traversing of one's surrounding environment via

the practical application of techniques, based around the concept of self-preservation. It is a non-competitive, physical discipline of French origin in which participants run along a route, attempting to navigate obstacles in the most efficient way possible, using only their bodies. Skill

s such as jumping, climbing, vaulting, rolling, swinging and wall scaling are employed. Parkour can be practiced anywhere, but areas dense with obstacles are preferable and it is most commonly practiced in urban areas.

The term "freerunning"is

sometimes incorrectly used interchangeably with "l'art du dép

lacement". While l'art du déplacement aims to enable the practitioner to move quickly and creatively past obstacles, freerunning is a competition sport, with Urban FreeFlow being cred

ited with this change of definition. Freerunning includes the use of tricking moves such as aerial rotations and spins, but parkour founder David Belle does not consider these part of parkour because the moves are merely for show, are not efficient (except in the case of those that help build momentum), can not assist anyone and do not help the participant to get from place to place. Although Sébastien Foucan is considered a co-founder of parkour, his philosophy later turned out to be different to that of parkour and grew to become known as freerunning.

A practitioner of parkour is called a "traceur", which is most likely derived from Parisian slang "tracer" which means "to hurry" or "to move quickly". In proper French, "traceur" is an adjective qualifying something that leaves a trace or a trail behind it.

Two primary characteristics of parkour are efficiency and speed. Traceurs take the most direct

path through an obstacle as rapidly as that route can be traversed safely. Developing one's level of spatial awareness is often used to aid development in these areas. Also, efficiency involves avoiding injuries, both short and long term. This idea embodying parkour's unofficial motto is être et durer ("to be and to last"). Parkour's emphasis on efficiency distinguishes it from the similar practice of free running, which places more emphasis on freedom of movement and creativity. Traceurs say that parkour also influences one's thought processes by enhancing self-confidence and critical-thinking skills that allow one to overcome everyday physical and mental obstacles. A study by Neuropsychiatrie de l'Enfance et de l'Adolescence (Neuropsychiatry of Childhood and Adolescence) in France reflects that traceurs seek more excitement and leadership situations than do gymnastic practitioners.

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History of "Parkour"

Discovered by David Belle in France, "parkour" aims to train the efficiency of the movement to establish one's body and mind to be able to deal with the obstacles in alarm.

Parkour means to move or migrate from point A to point B as efficiently and as quickly as possible using the principles of parkour moves well with the advanced beauty balanced by the ability of the human body itself.

Actually, Parkour has been around since before humans know the word "parkour" itself. But parkour described and introduced to the world by a French guy called David Belle. He who has introduced this sport to the world that was originally developed only in French. So that eventually evolved into the entire continent of Europe and eventually spread throughout the world

Inspired by his father, Raymond Belle a French soldier who eventually joined the sapeurs-pompiers (military firefighters). Born in the midst of the fire department to make David's family was inspired by stories of heroism. At the age of 16 years, David decided to leave school to look for his love of freedom, action, and to develop strength and agility it has to be useful in life, as he had always advised by his father.

Raymond introduced the son of an obstacle course exercises and natural methods that eventually known as parkour. Since that time, any David's after school he began playing the scenario for yourself how he could escape from a difficult situation.According to David, Parkour can be useful as self-defense in unforeseen circumstances. While martial arts can be called as a form of exercise to fight (fight), parkour is a form of exercise for the flight (escape).

Since the age of 15 years, David Belle moved to Lisses (one of the city in France). At that time, he met with the youth there who are interested in what was done by David.Here is the forerunner to the birth of a parkour group called Yamakasi. Together with childhood friend Sebastien Foucan along with several other youths began to develop as a team Yamakasi Parkour is known in France. However, due to the difference principle, David and Sebastian parted and left the Yamakasi. So when the movie Yamakasi made in 2001 should continue to run without the presence of both of them.

Parkour David still holds the principle that fixed forward on the effectiveness and efficiency of the display has a philosophy of simplicity and negotiate the course faster and efisient. While Sebastian prefer to make the movements of Parkour is more beautiful, which can make people who see it become interested. So finally he added acrobat movements such as flip or salto du pacours combined with the movement that eventually became Freerunning combatants. "That makes it different from the views with David Belle Sebastian Foucan. Because according to David Belle, acrobat

or salto movement is very inefficient and very contrary to originality parkour. In addition, the desire to make a move just to see others without the desire to make the movement from myself, it is diametrically opposed to parkour. In addition, the desire to make a move just to see others without the desire to make the movement from myself, it is diametrically opposed to parkour.

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